Helium-neon laser used a mixture of 10:1 for its active medium. It consists of a long and narrow discharge tube of a diameter of about 1 cm and about 80 cm long. The mixture is at a pressure of about 1 mm of Hg, the partial pressure of helium gas being 5 to 10 times that of neon.

Active medium: The gas mixture of He and Ne forms the active medium. Ne acts as the active center.

Pumping Source: Electric discharge method is used for pumping and achieving population inversion.

Optical resonator system: A set of mirrors form the optical resonator system.

This is about the construction of Helium-Neon Laser. In the next article, we will discuss the working of Helium-Neon laser.

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