Maxwell’s first equation or Gauss’s law in electrostatics Statement. It states that the total electric flux φE passing through a closed hypothetical surface is equal
Definition DISTORTIONLESS LINE A transmission line is said to be distortionless when attenuation constant ‘α’ is frequency independent and the phase shift constant ‘β’ is
CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE ,Z0 DEFINITION I:- Z0 is defined as the ratio of the square root of series impedance per unit length ,Z to the square
Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa Institute of Engineering and Technology is situated in the district Muktsar (Punjab) of India. Affiliated with: Punjab Technical University (PTU), Kapurthala
TRANSMISSION LINES Transmission lines are used to carry electromagnetic energy from one point to another . It means it transfer from one point to another.
The three major sources of losses in RF transmission lines are: 1. Copper Losses:- (a) I2 R Losses. This is due to the resistance associated
Guru Nanak Institute of Engineering and Management is situated in the district Hoshairpur (Punjab) of India. Affiliated with: Punjab Technical University (PTU), Kapurthala Approved by:
WAVE EQUATION IN TERMS OF MAGNETIC FIELD INTENSITY,H Free space or non-conducting or lossless or in general perfect dielectric medium has following characteristics: (a) No
CONCEPT OF DISPLACEMENT CURRENT (DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DISPLACEMENT CURRENT AND CONDUCTION CURRENT) Let there be a parallel R-C network with a voltage V as shown in
Assume that a homogeneous isotropic material is subjected to a temperature gradient dT/dx. The flow of heat will result in the direction opposite to the
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